Rotary boring-drill.



H. HUGHES. ROTARY BORING DRILL.

APPLICATION-FILED AUG-6, |911.

Patented Feb. 26,1918.

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HOWARD E H'UQHES, KOF HGUSTN, TEXAS.

RGTAEY BOENGMDELL.

Specification of Leiters Patchs.

Pasented Feb., 26, 1918.

Application filed August d, 1917. Serial llo. do.

To all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, HOWARD R. HUGHES, a citizen of the United States,residing at Houston, Harris county, Texas, have invented s certain newand useful improvement in Rotary Boring-Drills, of which the ollowin isa full, clear, and exact description, suc as will enable others skilledin the art to which it oppcrtains to make and use the some.

My invention relates to improvements in rotary boring drills, bulI moreespecially lo rota drill bits having n lint head oir-more especially ofthe type called the fish-toil bit. It hss for its object a. provision cireuming means mounted in che blade of the bil; itself whereby the holebeing bored is kept at o. uniform gage end which rollers also serve tosteady the action of ehe bis, Another object is to provide a 1fish tailbit which will not lose clearance and will drill s hole o uniformdiomerer even when che cutting part of `the blade has become Worn.

Another object is io conslruct o, iish tail bit simple in structure and'with reeming rollers mounted on the side of `he blade thereof in suchmanner ibut obey will be eciently housed end strongly mounted so as notto 4become easily injured or brolienL Another objec'I is lo provide smeans whereby `che llushing Weser muy be direebed downward in closecontact with Jhe material being drilled and to thus more easily flushsway the materiel which would otherwise pack around the blade.

Gi-her objects `will more clearly appear in the specification `whichfollows, and will be more particularly pointed out in @he claims.

ln drilling in eerrh, clay, gambo und other soil melerial the sh lollform ci bis hes become the noosfJ satisfactory form oi general usilitydrill. This is en old type of bill but remains with some drillers lhefavorise bis or such formation bec-suse ou? its cheep und simpleconszruc'tion, and becau il; may be successfully spudded; that is, whenit becomes boiled up it muy be raised end dropped again so cleer shebled/o `rom 'eine accumulations thereeround.

When rock, shele or closely peclled gum o end other herd formation isencounered, however, il, is liable to become quickly worn end to loseils gage lo such an exen' es to cause the head to pinch in die hole.;lunchen more, ich is in such formation subisce lo a,

violent agitation or vibration in the holev due to its general strueurewhich is not particularly adapted for the hard formation.

Beamers have been tried in connection with this type of bit before, butnot, so for us is known, have roaming rollers been mounted in the bladeitself. This structure, with the roaming rollers 'so mounted, has ugreat advaniege over the ordinary fish tail bit, and also over this typeused in conjunc- `lion with a separate reaming drill Collar. By mountingthe roaming rollers in the blade itself, it has been found that thevibration in hard formations is greatly lessened. This is, no doubt, dueto the fact that the roaming rollers being thus mounted are close to thecutting points of the blade and by bearing against `the sides of thehole serve to steady the action of the bit und to conse it to rotateWithout the excessive vbrution hitherto found.

Referring now to the drawings forming o pero ori this speciicution:

lii rc l is a front View of ehe fish tail bis snowing my invention;

lig. 2 is a lateral or side view thereof; `While Figs. 3 end d arebroken front views showing modied forms of mounting of the roamingrollers in my invention.

in Figs. l and 2 l have shown my invention as .mounted in the ordinery1ype of sh toil bit having u. threaded shank, l.. edepised to bescrerzmd into the threaded drill coller not shown end having a lower delblade, 2. The upper port of the blade, et each side thereof, has beenexpanded or Jahiclnened somewhat et 3 on lhs two lateral edges lo form uhousing lor a roaming roller 8. illhis housinr exiends subs'entiallyheli wey down the ilibido et the lower end of which is s beveledshoulder el, extending' from the housing foo the del, side of the blade.Between the two housings is a depression or groove, 5, to form o passagefor the ushing Weiler.. The ushing water in this type of drill issupplied through the hollow drill siem which is connected to the uppersbonk of die bit by means of a drill coller, seid dushing water passingthrough ehe heed of ehe bil by means of water passages, 6. This flushingwet-er is discharged or. @che upper end or `elle essage, 5, and isdirected by ineens or sei passage immediebely downword upon the bottomof 'the hole where it serves to fiush away the matter disintegrated bythe bit.

As will be seen in Fig. 1, the lower or cutting portion of blade 7 is ofsomewhat wider diameter than the upper portion of the head. Thisprovision is made in order that the hole being dug by the lower cuttingportion, 7, shall be of sufficiently large diameter that the upper heavyportion of the head may be advanced without pinching between the sidesof the well. When the lower portions of the blade, 7, become worn,however, the gage of the hole is apt to become so much Smaller as toscarcely accommodate the upper heavy portion of the head. In order toovercome this disadvantage, I have mounted in the housings, 3, myreaming rollers, 8, in such manner that the outer diameter of the headfrom one edge of one reaming roller to the outer edge of the otherreaming roller, 8, will be of the same dimension as the lower cuttingportion 7. In this manner, if the hole is not maintained of uniformdiameter by the cutting edge, the reaming rollers will serve to cut awaythe side of the hole to an extent sufiicient to accommodate the upperpart of the head, thus maintaining always a uniform 'diameter of thehole.

In the practice of my invention I have housed the rollers, 8, in apocket, 9, set in the side of the thickened portion of the bit. Thesereaming rollers have a longitudinal opening therethrough to accommodatethe journal pin, l0, which is inserted in the upper shoulder of thehousing at 13, passed through the central bearing opening of the roller,8, and threaded into a socket in the lower portion of the housing as at12. Provision is also made to prevent the working loose of the journalin 10. This provision consists of a lateraily extending locking pin, 11,inserted atl the side of the housing, 3, in such a manner that it fitswithin a lateral groove near the head of the pin, 10, in such a manneras to revent any longitudinal movement of said) pin.

In another form 4of mounting for my reaming rollers shown in Fig. 3, Ihave. illustrated how the reaming rollers can be set on an incline insuch a manner that the reaming portion of the roller in contact with theside of the wall is presented in a progressively increasing diameterfrom the lower portion of the roller to the upper part thereof. This isdone by inserting t e journal pin, 10, at an incline outwardly from thelower portion of the housing. The opening, 13', is provided at a desiredincline and the pin, 10, inserted therethrough carries the roller, 8,inclined outwardly in the manner described.

In Fig. 4f I have made a provision similar vto that shown in Fig. 3, buthave modified the shape of the roller 8. This roller is a reversibleroller, having its largest diameter midway between the two ends thereofand inclined from this point toward both ends. It will be noted thatwhen this type of roller is mounted on an inclined axis, as shown inFig. 4, the lower inclined portion, 14, will serve to cut the gage ofthe hole while the upper inclined portion will present a verticalrolling surface to the side of the hole. This form of roller has beenfound to be very satisfactory in that the vertical rolling portionthereof serves more readily to steady the action of the bit.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a threaded socket, 16, in the upper pait oftheshank, 1, in which a lubricator, not shown, may be attached. Oil ducts,17, lead from the lubricator to each of the bearing pins, 10.

I have thus provided the old form of fish tail bit with reamin rollersmounted on the blade thereof in suc manner as to preserve the uniformdiameter of the hole and to so steady the action of the bit as togreatly increase its eiiiciency.

llaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fish-tail bit, a shank, a blade thereon, said blade havingrecesses cutl into the outer edge thereof, reaming rollers mountedrotatably within said recesses for the purpose described.

2. In a fish tail bit, a shank, a blade thereon, sockets forminghousings in the outer edges of said blade toward the upper half of saidblade and reaming rollers in said housings adapted to maintain theuniforml size of the hole.

3. In a fish tail bit, a shank, a flat blade thereon, the opposite edgesof said blade being widened adjacent one end thereof to form housings,reaming rollers housed therein and adapted to maintain the uniform sizeof the hole.

4. In a fish tail bit, a shank, a blade thereon, a housing in saidblade, a reversible roaming roller mounted therein on an inclined axis,said roller being adaptedl to steady the action of said bit, and to reamaway the side of the hole. v

5. In a fish tail bit, a blade, vthickened at the edge to providehousings adjacent the upper end thereof, reversible reamng rollen;mounted thereon on an inclined axis, said rollers adapted to steadythefbit and to maintain the uniform size ofthe hole.

6. In a fish tail bit, a blade, roaming rollers housed in the oppositeedges of said blade, and a depression between said housings to directthe flushing water immediately downward upon the work, said rollersbeing adapted to steady said blade and maintain ,the uniform size of thehole.

of, housings on said blade, cutting rollers mounted in said housings forreamng the side of the hole and a longitudinal depression on the atsurface of the bladeto irect 5 the flushing water upon the work.

8. In a. fish-tail bit, a shank, a blade thereon, teaming rollersmounted rotatably in the opposite edges of said blade for the purt posesset forth.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aixmy 10 HoWA'RD R. HUGHES.

